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Shell dirt helmets, also known as dirt bike helmets or motocross helmets, are specifically designed to provide protection for riders engaged in off-road motorcycling activities such as motocross, enduro, or trail riding. Here are some common features of these helmets:

1. Outer Shell: Shell dirt helmets feature a hard outer shell made from materials like polycarbonate. This shell is designed to withstand impacts and protect the rider's head from injury.

2. Impact Absorption: Beneath the outer shell, there is typically a layer of impact-absorbing foam or EPS (Expanded Polystyrene) liner. This liner is designed to absorb and dissipate the energy from impacts, reducing the force transmitted to the rider's head.

3. Sun Shelter: Dirt helmets often have a large, angular visor like at the front to shield the rider's eyes from sunlight, roost, branches, and debris encountered while riding off-road. The thing may be adjustable to accommodate different riding conditions and preferences.

4. Ventilation: Off-road riding can be physically demanding and generate a lot of heat, so ventilation is essential to keep the rider cool and comfortable. Dirt helmets typically feature multiple vents strategically placed to promote airflow and heat dissipation.

5. Chin Bar and Face Protection: Dirt helmets usually come with a chin bar to protect the lower face and jaw in the event of a crash. Some models may also have additional face protection features, such as a roost guard or a reinforced chin guard.

6. Retention System: A secure and comfortable fit is crucial for safety, so dirt helmets are equipped with a retention system typically consisting of adjustable chin straps and a buckle closure. Some helmets may also have additional adjustment mechanisms for a customized fit.

7. Goggle Compatibility: Since riders often wear goggles when riding off-road, dirt helmets are designed to be compatible with various goggle brands and styles. They may have a goggle strap holder at the rear to keep the goggles securely in place.

8. Certifications: Quality dirt helmets meet safety standards set by organizations such as the Department of Transportation (DOT).

Overall, shell dirt helmets are specifically engineered to meet the demands of off-road riding, offering a combination of protection, ventilation, and comfort to keep riders safe and focused on their adventures.